Wheat aleurone polyphenols increase plasma eicosapentaenoic acid in rats

  • Fayçal Ounnas TIMC-IMAG CNRS UMR 5525, Laboratoire PRETA, Cœur et Nutrition, Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble I, France
  • Florence Privé TIMC-IMAG CNRS UMR 5525, Laboratoire PRETA, Cœur et Nutrition, Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble I, France
  • Patricia Salen TIMC-IMAG CNRS UMR 5525, Laboratoire PRETA, Cœur et Nutrition, Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble I, France
  • Florence Hazane-Puch Département de Biochimie, Pharmacologie et Toxicologie, Unité Biochimie Hormonale et Nutritionnelle, Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire de Grenoble, France
  • François Laporte Département de Biochimie, Pharmacologie et Toxicologie, Unité Biochimie Hormonale et Nutritionnelle, Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire de Grenoble, France
  • Eric Fontaine Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
  • Daniele Del Rio LS9 Interlab Group, Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, Department of Food Science, University of Parma, Medical School, Building C, Via Volturno 39, 43125 Parma, Italy
  • Luca Calani LS9 Interlab Group, Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, Department of Food Science, University of Parma, Medical School, Building C, Via Volturno 39, 43125 Parma, Italy
  • Camilla Melegari Barilla G. R. Fratelli Spa. 166, Via Mantova, I-43122 Parma, Italy
  • Marta Angela Bianchi Barilla G. R. Fratelli Spa. 166, Via Mantova, I-43122 Parma, Italy
  • Christine Demeilliers Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
  • Michel de Lorgeril TIMC-IMAG CNRS UMR 5525, Laboratoire PRETA, Cœur et Nutrition, Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble I, France
Keywords: polyphenols, wheat aleurone, polyunsaturated fatty acids omega-3, plasma, liver, rats

Abstract

Methods: These studies were designed to assess whether wheat polyphenols (mainly ferulic acid [FA]) increased the very-long-chain omega-3 fatty acids (VLC n-3) [eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)] in rats. Wheat aleurone (WA) was used as a dietary source of wheat polyphenols. Two experiments were performed; in the first one, the rats were fed WA or control pellets (CP) in presence of linseed oil (LO) to provide alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), the precursor of VLC n-3. In the second one, the rats were fed WA or CP in presence of control oil (CO) without ALA. The concentrations of phenolic acid metabolites in urine were also investigated.

Results: The urinary concentration of conjugated FA increased with WA ingestion (p<0.05). Plasma EPA increased by 25% (p<0.05) with WA in the CO group but not in the LO group. In contrast, there was no effect of WA on plasma DHA and omega-6 fatty acids (n-6). Finally, both n-3 and n-6 in the liver remained unchanged by the WA.

Conclusion: These results suggest that WA consumption has a significant effect on EPA in plasma without affecting n-6. Subsequent studies are required to examine whether these effects may explain partly the health benefits associated with whole wheat consumption.

Keywords: polyphenols; wheat aleurone; very-long-chain omega-3 fatty acids; plasma; liver; rats

(Published: 19 August 2014)

Citation: Food & Nutrition Research 2014, 58: 24604 - http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/fnr.v58.24604

Responsible Editor: Asim Duttaroy, Oslo University, Norway.

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Published
2014-08-19
How to Cite
Ounnas F., Privé F., Salen P., Hazane-Puch F., Laporte F., Fontaine E., Del Rio D., Calani L., Melegari C., Bianchi M. A., Demeilliers C., & de Lorgeril M. (2014). Wheat aleurone polyphenols increase plasma eicosapentaenoic acid in rats. Food & Nutrition Research. https://doi.org/10.3402/fnr.v58.24604
Section
Original Articles

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