@article{Murphy_Barraj_Rampersaud_2014, title={Consumption of grapefruit is associated with higher nutrient intakes and diet quality among adults, and more favorable anthropometrics in women, NHANES 2003-2008}, url={https://foodandnutritionresearch.net/index.php/fnr/article/view/671}, DOI={10.3402/fnr.v58.22179}, abstractNote={<p><strong>Background</strong>: Dietary guidance recommends consumption of a nutrient-dense diet containing a variety of fruits. The purpose of this study was to estimate usual nutrient intakes and adequacy of nutrient intakes among adult grapefruit consumers and non-consumers, and to examine associations between grapefruit consumption and select health parameters.</p><p><strong>Methods</strong>: The analysis was conducted with data collected in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003–2008. Respondents reporting consumption of any amount of grapefruit or 100% grapefruit juice at least once during the 2 days of dietary recall were classified as grapefruit consumers.</p><p><strong>Results</strong>: Among adults aged 19+ years with 2 days of dietary recall (<em>n</em>=12,789), 2.5% of males and 2.7% of females reported consumption of 100% grapefruit juice or fresh, canned, or frozen grapefruit during the recalls. Grapefruit consumers were less likely to have usual intakes of vitamin C (males: 0% vs. 47%; females: 0% vs. 43%; <em>P</em>&lt;0.001) and magnesium (<em>P</em>&lt;0.05) below the estimated average requirement (EAR) compared to non-consumers, and they were more likely to meet adequate intake levels for dietary fiber (<em>P</em>&lt;0.05). Potassium and β-carotene intakes were significantly higher among grapefruit consumers (<em>P</em>&lt;0.001). Diet quality as assessed by the Healthy Eating Index-2005 (HEI-2005) was higher in grapefruit consumers (males: 66.2 [95% CI: 61.0–71.5] vs. 55.4 [95% CI: 54.4–56.4]; females: 71.4 [95% CI: 65.1–77.6] vs. 61.2 [95% CI: 59.8–62.6]). Among women, grapefruit consumption was associated with lower body weight, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), triglycerides, C-reactive protein (CRP), and higher high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (<em>P</em>&lt;0.05), However, risk of being overweight/obese was not associated with grapefruit consumption.</p><p><strong>Conclusion</strong>: Consumption of grapefruit was associated with higher intakes of vitamin C, magnesium, potassium, dietary fiber, and improved diet quality. Grapefruit may provide a healthful option for adults striving to meet fruit recommendations.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: grapefruit; juice; citrus; nutrient intake; adults; NHANES; anthropometrics; body weight; BMI</p><p>(Published: 8 May 2014)</p><p>Citation: Food &amp; Nutrition Research 2014, <strong>58</strong>: 22179 - http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/fnr.v58.22179</p><p>Supplementary files can be accessed <a href="/index.php/fnr/rt/suppFiles/22179/0">here</a>.</p&gt;}, journal={Food & Nutrition Research}, author={Murphy Mary M. and Barraj Leila M. and Rampersaud Gail C.}, year={2014}, month={May} }