@article{Vaidya_Cheema_2015, title={Arachidonic acid has a dominant effect to regulate lipogenic genes in 3T3-L1 adipocytes compared to omega-3 fatty acids}, volume={59}, url={https://foodandnutritionresearch.net/index.php/fnr/article/view/827}, DOI={10.3402/fnr.v59.25866}, abstractNote={<p><em><strong>Background</strong></em>: The effects of long-chain n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on the regulation of adipocytes metabolism are well known. These fatty acids are generally consumed together in our diets; however, the metabolic regulation of adipocytes in the presence of these fatty acids when given together is not known.</p><p><em><strong>Objective</strong></em>: To investigate the effects of n-3 PUFA and arachidonic acid (AA), an n-6 PUFA, on the regulation of adipogenic and lipogenic genes in mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes.</p><p><em><strong>Methods</strong></em>: 3T3-L1 adipocytes were incubated in the presence or absence of 100 µM of eicosapentaenoic acid, EPA; docosahexaenoic acid, DHA; docosapentaenoic acid, DPA and AA, either alone or AA+n-3 PUFA; control cells received bovine serum albumin alone. The mRNA expression of adipogenic and lipogenic genes was measured. The fatty acid composition of adipocytes was analyzed using gas chromatography.</p><p><em><strong>Results</strong></em>: Individual n-3 PUFA or AA had no effect on the mRNA expression of peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor-γ; however, AA+EPA and AA+DPA significantly increased (<em>P</em>&lt;0.05) the expression compared to control cells (38 and 42%, respectively). AA and AA+EPA increased the mRNA expression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (<em>P</em>&lt;0.05). AA treatment decreased the mRNA expression of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD1) (<em>P</em>&lt;0.01), while n-3 PUFA, except EPA, had no effect compared to control cells. AA+DHA and AA+DPA inhibited SCD1 gene expression (<em>P</em>&lt;0.05) suggesting a dominant effect of AA. Fatty acids analysis of adipocytes revealed a higher accretion of AA compared to n-3 PUFA.</p><p><em><strong>Conclusions</strong></em>: Our findings reveal that AA has a dominant effect on the regulation of lipogenic genes in adipocytes.</p><p><em><strong>Keywords</strong></em>: adipocytes; arachidonic acid; lipogenesis; omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids</p><p>(Published: 20 March 2015)</p><p>Citation: Food &amp; Nutrition Research 2015, <strong>59</strong>: 25866 - http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/fnr.v59.25866</p&gt;}, journal={Food & Nutrition Research}, author={Vaidya Hitesh and Cheema Sukhinder Kaur}, year={2015}, month={Mar.} }