Relative validity of bioelectrical impedance analysis in estimating body composition in women with overweight and obesity 2 weeks and 6 months postpartum

Elin Westerheim; Elisabeth A. Øhman; Maria Fossli; Anna Winkvist; Hege Berg Henriksen; Hilde K. Brekke

doi:10.29219/fnr.v69.10869

Elin Westerheim Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway
Elisabeth A. Øhman Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway
Maria Fossli Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway; Norwegian Research Centre for Women’s Health, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
Anna Winkvist Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
Hege Berg Henriksen Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway
Hilde K. Brekke Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway

DOI: https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v69.10869

Keywords: overweight, postpartum, bioelectrical impedance, fat mass, fat free mass, DXA

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the relative validity of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) in estimating fat mass (FM) and fat free mass (FFM) with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) as reference method in women with overweight and obesity 2 weeks and 6 months postpartum (pp).

Methods: Body composition of 94 women with overweight and obesity was assessed using Seca mBCA 515 and GE Healthcare Lunar iDXA. Agreement between the two methods for FM and FFM at 2 weeks and 6 months pp, as well as the changes in FM and FFM between the two timepoints, were tested using paired t-test, Bland–Altman plots and regression analyses.

Results: The mean (standard deviation [SD]) body mass index (BMI) at 2 weeks pp was 30.6 (2.6) kg/m² and mean (SD) weight loss at 6 months pp was 4.7 (4.8) kg. BIA underestimated FM at both 2 weeks pp and 6 months pp by mean (SD) 0.7 (1.4) kg and 0.3 (1.3) kg and overestimated FFM at both timepoints by 1.2 (1.5) kg and 0.7 (1.4) kg, with proportional bias for FFM. BIA underestimated changes in FM by mean (SD) 0.5 (1.1) kg and overestimated changes in FFM by 0.5 (1.0) kg, with proportional bias for change in extracellular water by total body water. Agreement was generally high for both cross-sectional and longitudinal comparisons.

Conclusions: At group level, BIA was a valid tool for assessment of FM and FFM in women with overweight and obesity at 2 weeks and 6 months pp when compared to DXA. We also consider it valid for following changes in FM and FFM over time when fluid distribution is stable

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