Fermented ginseng powder enriched with rare ginsenosides ameliorates high-fat diet-induced obesity by modulating adipogenesis and inflammation

Xueyue Tai; Jiating Li; Jianwei Song; Bao Zhong; Fenglin Li

doi:10.29219/fnr.v69.12230

Xueyue Tai College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology University, Jilin, China
Jiating Li School of Public Health, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, China
Jianwei Song College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology University, Jilin, China
Bao Zhong Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology University
Fenglin Li College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology University, Jilin, China; Brewing Technology Innovation Center of Jilin province, Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology University, Jilin, China

DOI: https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v69.12230

Keywords: fermented ginseng, obesity, high-fat diet, lipid-lowering, modulating effect

Abstract

Administration of high-dose fermented ginseng powder (2.385 mg/g) resulted in a reduction in body weight and an improvement in blood biochemical parameters in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. Significant reductions in lipid droplet size were observed in both liver and epididymal adipose tissues. Western blot analysis showed increased protein levels of PPAR-α, PPAR-γ, and PGC-1 in the HFD + low-dose lyophilized fermented ginseng powder (HDL), HFD + medium-dose lyophilized fermented ginseng powder (HDM), and HFD + high-dose lyophilized fermented ginseng powder (HDH) groups compared to the HD group. Furthermore, the phosphorylation of AMPK (P-AMPK) and ACC (P-ACC) was significantly elevated. Conversely, western blot analysis demonstrated a decrease in the expression of inflammatory cytokines IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α in the CG, HDL, HDM, and HDH groups compared to the HD group. Gene expression analysis revealed a downregulation of lipid anabolism-related genes, including SREBP-1c and FAS, along with an upregulation of PPAR-γ and ACOX-1 mRNA levels. Additionally, the expression of inflammation-related genes such as IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α was reduced. High-dose freeze-dried fermented ginseng powder (2.385 mg/g) significantly influenced lipid metabolism and inflammatory responses, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic agent for the management of dyslipidemia.

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