Micronutrient intake in relation to allcause mortality in a prospective Danish cohort

  • Nina Roswall Danish Cancer Society
  • Anja Olsen Danish Cancer Society
  • Jane Christensen Danish Cancer Society
  • Louise Hansen Danish Cancer Society
  • Lars O. Dragsted University of Copenhagen
  • Kim Overvad Aarhus University Hospital
  • Anne Tjønneland Danish Cancer Society
Keywords: Mortality, dietary supplements, micronutrients, prospective cohort study, vitamin C, vitamin E, folate, beta-carotene

Abstract

Background: Few studies have considered source-specific micronutrient intake in relation to mortality under the consideration that dietary and supplemental intake could exhibit different effects. Objective: To evaluate the association between intake of vitamin C, E, folate, beta-carotene from diet and supplements, and overall mortality. Furthermore, to examine effect modification by smoking, alcohol intake, and BMI and to investigate if the effect of supplement use differs with dietary micronutrient intake. Methods and Material: In a prospective cohort study of 55,453 middle-aged Danes, information regarding diet, supplement use, and lifestyle was collected through questionnaires. During follow-up, 6,767 deaths were identified and incidence rate ratios (IRRs) of mortality related to micronutrient intake were calculated using Cox proportional hazards models. Results: The present study found no effect of dietary vitamin C, E, folate, or beta-carotene in relation to mortality. In contrast, supplemental folic acid was associated with a significantly increased mortality, whereas no other micronutrient supplement was associated with mortality. Effect modification by smoking and alcohol intake, but not BMI, was suggested in relation to some dietary micronutrients. The effect of supplements did not differ in groups defined by dietary micronutrient intake. Conclusion: This study suggests no effect of dietary micronutrients in relation to overall mortality. Supplemental folic acid was found to be associated with increased mortality, but further studies are required. No other supplemental micronutrient was associated with mortality.

Keywords: mortality; dietary supplements; micronutrients; prospective cohort study; vitamin C; vitamin E; folate; beta-carotene

(Published: 2 April 2012)

Citation: Food & Nutrition Research 2012. 56: 5466 - DOI: 10.3402/fnr.v56i0.5466

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Author Biographies

Nina Roswall, Danish Cancer Society

Cand.Scient., PhD

Diet, Cancer and Health

Danish Cancer Society

Strandboulevarden 49

DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø

Anja Olsen, Danish Cancer Society

Cand.Scient., PhD

Diet, Cancer and Health

Danish Cancer Society

Strandboulevarden 49

DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø

Jane Christensen, Danish Cancer Society

Cand.Scient.

Diet, Cancer and Health

Danish Cancer Society

Strandboulevarden 49

DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø

Louise Hansen, Danish Cancer Society

Cand.Scient.

Diet, Cancer and Health

Danish Cancer Society

Strandboulevarden 49

DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø

Lars O. Dragsted, University of Copenhagen

Professor

Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Human Nutrition, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen

Kim Overvad, Aarhus University Hospital
Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
Anne Tjønneland, Danish Cancer Society

MD, PhD, Dr.Med.Sci.

Diet, Cancer and Health

Danish Cancer Society

Strandboulevarden 49

DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø

Published
2012-04-02
How to Cite
Roswall N., Olsen A., Christensen J., Hansen L., Dragsted L. O., Overvad K., & Tjønneland A. (2012). Micronutrient intake in relation to allcause mortality in a prospective Danish cohort. Food & Nutrition Research. https://doi.org/10.3402/fnr.v56i0.5466
Section
Vitamin Supplement

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