Influence of a healthy Nordic diet on serum fatty acid composition and associations with blood lipoproteins - results from the NORDIET study

  • Viola Adamsson Dept. of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University
  • Tommy Cederholm Dept. of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University
  • Bengt Vessby Dept. of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University
  • Ulf Risérus Dept. of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3402/fnr.v58.24114
Keywords: serum cholesterol esters, plasma cholesterol, stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), saturated fat, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids

Abstract

Background: The fatty acid (FA) composition of serum lipids is related to the quality of dietary fat intake.

Objective: To investigate the effects of a healthy Nordic diet (ND) on the FA composition of serum cholesterol esters (CE-FA) and assess the associations between changes in the serum CE-FA composition and blood lipoproteins during a controlled dietary intervention.

Design: The NORDIET trial was a 6-week randomised, controlled, parallel-group dietary intervention study that included 86 adults (53±8 years) with elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Serum CE-FA composition was measured using gas chromatography. Diet history interviews were conducted, and daily intake was assessed using checklists.

Results: Food and nutrient intake data indicated that there was a reduction in the intake of fat from dairy and meat products and an increase in the consumption of fatty fish with the ND. The levels of saturated fatty acids in cholesterol esters (CE-SFA) 14:0, 15:0, and 18:0, but not 16:0, showed a significant decrease after intake of ND compared to the control diet (p<0.01). Also, a significant increase in serum 22:6n – 3 was observed compared with the control diet (p<0.01). The changes in CE-SFA 14:0, 15:0, and 18:0 correlated positively with changes in LDL-C, HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C, ApoA1, and ApoB (p<0.01), respectively, whereas the changes in polyunsaturated fatty acids in cholesterol esters (CE-PUFA) 22:6n – 3 were negatively correlated with changes in the corresponding serum lipids.

Conclusions: The decreased intake of saturated fat and increased intake of n-3 PUFA in a healthy ND is partly reflected by changes in the serum CE-FA composition, which are associated with an improved serum lipoprotein pattern.

Keywords: serum cholesterol esters; plasma cholesterol; stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1; saturated fat; n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids

(Published: 3 December 2014)

Citation: Food & Nutrition Research 2014, 58: 24114 - http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/fnr.v58.24114

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Author Biographies

Viola Adamsson, Dept. of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University
Dept. of Public Health and Caring Sciences. PhD
Tommy Cederholm, Dept. of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University
Dept. of Public Health and Caring Sciences. MD, PhD.
Bengt Vessby, Dept. of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University
Dept. of Public Health and Caring Sciences. MD, PhD.
Ulf Risérus, Dept. of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University
Dept. of Public Health and Caring Sciences. MMED, PhD.
Published
2014-12-03
How to Cite
Adamsson V., Cederholm T., Vessby B., & Risérus U. (2014). Influence of a healthy Nordic diet on serum fatty acid composition and associations with blood lipoproteins - results from the NORDIET study. Food & Nutrition Research. https://doi.org/10.3402/fnr.v58.24114
Issue
Vol 58 (2014)
Section
Original Articles

Authors retain copyright of their work, with first publication rights granted to SNF Swedish Nutrition Foundation. Read the full Copyright- and Licensing Statement.

 

 

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